Benzodiazepines bind nonspecifically to benzodiazepine receptors BNZ1, which mediates sleep, and BNZ2, which affects muscle relaxation, an...
Friday, September 30, 2011
Friday, September 30, 2011
Alpha-Linolenic Acid
Alpha Linolenic Acid or ALA is considered an essential fatty acid because it is required for human health, but cannot be synthesized by hu...
Friday, September 30, 2011
Alosetron
Alosetron is a potent and selective 5-HT 3 receptor antagonist. 5-HT 3 receptors are nonselective cation channels that are extensively d...
Friday, September 30, 2011
Almotriptan
Almotriptan binds with high affinity to human 5-HT 1B and 5-HT 1D receptors leading to cranial blood vessel constriction.
Friday, September 30, 2011
Almitrine
Almitrine enhances respiration by acting as an agonist of peripheral chemoreceptors located on the carotid bodies. The drug increases arte...
Friday, September 30, 2011
Allylestrenol
Allylestrenol is similar in structure and function to progesterone. Progesterone shares the pharmacological actions of the progestins. Pro...
Friday, September 30, 2011
Allopurinol
Allopurinol and its active metabolite, oxypurinol, inhibits the enzyme xanthine oxidase, blocking the conversion of the oxypurines hypoxant...
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Alizapride
The anti-emetic action of Alizapride is due to its antagonist activity at D2 receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) in the centr...
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Alitretinoin
Alitretinoin binds to and activates all known intracellular retinoid receptor subtypes (RARa, RARb, RARg, RXRa, RXRb and RXRg). Once activ...
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Aliskiren
Renin is secreted by the kidney in response to decreases in blood volume and renal perfusion. Renin cleaves angiotensinogen to form the i...
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Alfuzosin
Alfuzosin is a non-subtype specific alpha(1)-adrenergic blocking agent that exhibits selectivity for alpha(1)-adrenergic receptors in the l...
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Alfentanil
Opiate receptors are coupled with G-protein receptors and function as both positive and negative regulators of synaptic transmission via G...
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Alfacalcidol
The first step involved in the activation of vitamin D3 is a 25-hydroxylation which is catalysed by the 25-hydroxylase in the liver and th...
Tuesday, September 27, 2011
Alendronate
The action of Alendronate on bone tissue is based partly on its affinity for hydroxyapatite, which is part of the mineral matrix of bone. ...
Tuesday, September 27, 2011
Alclometasone
The mechanism of the anti-inflammatory activity of the topical steroids, in general, is unclear. However, corticosteroids are thought to ac...
Tuesday, September 27, 2011
Alcaftadine
Alcaftadine is a H1 histamine receptor antagonist and inhibitor of the release of histamine from mast cells. Decreased chemotaxis and inhi...
Tuesday, September 27, 2011
Albendazole
Albendazole causes degenerative alterations in the tegument and intestinal cells of the worm by binding to the colchicine-sensitive site o...
Tuesday, September 27, 2011
Ajmaline
The class I antiarrhythmic agents interfere with the sodium channel. A class IA agent lengthens the action potential (right shift) which br...
Tuesday, September 27, 2011
Adinazolam
Adinazolam binds to peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors which interact allosterically with GABA receptors. This potentiates the effec...
Monday, September 26, 2011
Adenosine triphosphate
ATP is able to store and transport chemical energy within cells. ATP also plays an important role in the synthesis of nucleic acids. ATP ca...
Monday, September 26, 2011
Adenosine monophosphate
Nucleotides such as Adenosine-5'-Monophosphate affect a number of immune functions, including the reversal of malnutrition and starvat...
Monday, September 26, 2011
Adenosine
Adenosine slows conduction time through the AV node and can interrupt the reentry pathways through the AV node, resulting in the restoratio...
Monday, September 26, 2011
Adenine
Adenine forms adenosine, a nucleoside, when attached to ribose, and deoxyadenosine when attached to deoxyribose, and it forms adenosine tr...
Monday, September 26, 2011
Adefovir Dipivoxil
Adefovir dipivoxil is a prodrug of adefovir. Adefovir is an acyclic nucleotide analog of adenosine monophosphate which is phosphorylated to...
Monday, September 26, 2011
Adapalene
Mechanistically, adapalene binds to specific retinoic acid nuclear receptors (gamma and beta) and retinoid X receptors but does not bind to...
Sunday, September 25, 2011
Acitretin
The mechanism of action of acitretin is unknown, however it is believed to work by targeting specific receptors (retinoid receptors such as...
Friday, September 23, 2011
Aciclovir
Viral (HSV-1, HSV-2 and VZV) thymidine kinase converts aciclovir to the aciclovir monophosphate, which is then converted to the diphosphate...
Thursday, September 22, 2011
Acetylsalicylic acid
The analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects of acetylsalicylic acid are due to actions by both the acetyl and the salicylate...
Thursday, September 22, 2011
Acetyldigitoxin
Acetyldigitoxin binds to a site on the extracellular aspect of the α-subunit of the Na + /K + ATPase pump in the membranes of heart cells ...
Thursday, September 22, 2011
Acetylcysteine
Acetylcysteine may protect against acetaminophen overdose-induced hepatotoxicity by maintaining or restoring hepatic concentrations of glu...
Thursday, September 22, 2011
Acetophenazine
Acetophenazine blocks postsynaptic mesolimbic dopaminergic D1 and D2 receptors in the brain; depresses the release of hypothalamic and hyp...
Thursday, September 22, 2011
Acetohydroxamic Acid
Acetohydroxamic Acid reversibly inhibits the bacterial enzyme urease. This inhibits the hydrolysis of urea and production of ammonia in uri...
Thursday, September 22, 2011
Acetohexamide
Sulfonylureas such as acetohexamide bind to an ATP-dependent K + channel on the cell membrane of pancreatic beta cells. This inhibits a t...
Thursday, September 22, 2011
Thursday, September 22, 2011
Acetazolamide
The anticonvulsant activity of Acetazolamide may depend on a direct inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in the CNS, which decreases carbon di...
Thursday, September 22, 2011
Acetaminophen
Acetaminophen is thought to act primarily in the CNS, increasing the pain threshold by inhibiting both isoforms of cyclooxygenase, COX-1, ...
Thursday, September 22, 2011
Aceprometazine
Aceprometazine, acting as an H1-receptor antagonist can induce sedation by being able to cross the blood-brain-barrier and binding to H1-r...
Thursday, September 22, 2011
Acepromazine
Acepromazine acts as an antagonist (blocking agent) on different postsysnaptic receptors -on dopaminergic-receptors (subtypes D1, D2, D3 a...
Thursday, September 22, 2011
Acenocoumarol
Acenocoumarol inhibits vitamin K reductase, resulting in depletion of the reduced form of vitamin K (vitamin KH2). As vitamin K is a cofact...
Thursday, September 22, 2011
Acebutolol
Acebutolol is a selective β1-receptor antagonist. Activation of β1-receptors by epinephrine increases the heart rate and the blood pressur...
Thursday, September 22, 2011
Acarbose
Acarbose reversibly bind to pancreatic alpha-amylase and membrane-bound intestinal alpha-glucoside hydrolases. These enzymes inhibit hydrol...
Thursday, September 22, 2011
Acamprosate
The mechanism of action of acamprosate in maintenance of alcohol abstinence is not completely understood. Chronic alcohol exposure is hypo...
Thursday, September 22, 2011
Abacavir
Mechanism of action Abacavir is a carbocyclic synthetic nucleoside analogue. Intracellularly, abacavir is converted by cellular enzymes t...
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